فصلنامه تحقیقات فرهنگی ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 61، بهار 1402)

Today's house is very different from a traditional or pre-industrial one. Numerous factors have been involved in home changes, but none of them has affected the home and domestic space as much as with the emergence of modern technologies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the process of linking and companionship of Iranian homes and media outlets and their mutual effects. Regardless of the content of the media, which is often considered, focusing on the material culture of media outlets, especially television, the paper pays attention to the process of domestication of media technologies and the mediatization of the home in Iran. The findings show that media outlets faced internal and external resistance when entering Iranian homes and in its process of domestication. The common denominator of resistance, despite their different origins, is being ideological. The findings also show that a process of the mediatization of homes in Iran is recognizable, which began with the arrival of radio and, consequently, electricity in Iranian homes. A process that is gradually moving towards increasing home smarting. By moving in this direction, the house itself becomes a medium, the one that is moving towards a "connected home" by connecting it with other homes, neighborhoods and smart cities.

This study employs grounded theory (GT) to qualitatively explore preconditions for good governance in social media with an emphasis on accountability. The study sample consists of 20 media activists and social media managers who were selected using a theoretical or purposive sampling strategy. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with participants. The data collection process continued until saturation, i.e., no new pieces of information could add to the final model. The data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding, and then a paradigm model and a theoretical schema were developed based on the 15 main themes and the final theme extracted. The results indicated that the “tamed power of sovereignty” is the fruit of a set of factors such as accountability soft punch, reverse control and monitoring, popular network activism, and networked pressure groups, influenced by a set of contextual and intervening factors. What can cause public trust and social solidarity as the ultimate goal is the adoption of strategies such as normalization of accountability, good pragmatism, the networked activity of governing bodies, and institutional accountability of the government and then moving towards the establishment of an online accountability system. The theoretical schema and paradigm model proposed in this study can interpret the results more accurately.

This article aims to discover and divulge the hidden and obvious themes of social malingering in the actions of characters in the movie A Hero, by Asghar Farhadi. Since, according to some critics and thinkers, the content and themes of Iranian cinema have a deep connection with social issues and events, this study is an attempt to highlight social interactions and analyze everyday life in contemporary Iran. The research was conducted using a qualitative method and content analysis technique. The main problems discussed here were: Why do we construct a hero? What is the relationship between the phenomena of social malingering and constructing a hero in everyday life? Findings show the phenomenon such as social malingering and a hero construct in everyday life, in the mutual relationship and dialectic of attempt and failure, the inefficiency of social and political institutions, individuality cult, ideological morality, ontological insecurity and the reduction of social capital among others. It seems the social malingering and constructing a hero may be strategies for survival, especially the survival of honor and social acceptability in interactions and everyday life, the last type of social action and initiative to protect oneself and society.

Technological revolution is an outcome of the third wave of revolutions that has brought forth tangible changes and transformations in all industries, including tourism. Technology advancement creates new opportunities for virtual tourism. As such, the virtual tour experience and the study of tourist behavior have turned into an important subject of tourism studies. In this milieu, the current study aims to identify and explain theoretical frameworks of behavioral domain of virtual tourists. It systematically reviews researches on virtual tourist behavior by taking into account scientific articles published in Scopus-indexed journals between 1999 and 2022 as behavior indicators. The findings demonstrated that China and the United States have been on forefront in researches on the behavior of virtual tourists. The most important theoretical approaches to that behavior are: technology acceptance model, planned behavior, and stimulus-organism-response, theory of flow, attention recovery, immersion and presence. In order to identify main components in the proposed study related to the behavior of virtual tourists, the quantitative content analysis was used. In the end, a conceptual framework was extracted from the content of the articles. It was found that the most important and effective theory in this field is technology acceptance.

Environmental issues caused by profit-making behavior of humans with nature on the one hand, and the need to carry out climate change adaptation programs on the other hand, as well as the inability of the governmental executive bodies to fully implement the programs, make it important for the broad participation of all groups, including non-governmental environmental organizations. Generally speaking, participation is influenced by various factors, one of which is utilizing cultural capital. The aim of this article is to sociologically analyze the impact of cultural capital of members of non-governmental organizations on environmental participation. The research method was survey and questionnaire method were used to collect data. The statistical community of the research was formed by all the members of environmental non-governmental organizations in Tehran, Iran. The sample size of 376 people was selected using the relative random sampling method and SPSS software was used for data processing and analysis. The results of the present study showed that the cultural capital and participation of most of the respondents is in the "average level and more" and with the increase of cultural capital and each of its dimensions separately, the participation increased. It also showed that the members with cultural capital were able to use creative mechanisms in the following cases. have a role: creating incentives for the participation of people and investors, implementing symbolic programs with the aim of promoting, transferring environmental knowledge and education, facilitating, demanding, empowering, increasing interaction with society, influencing the government and local communities, etc. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that environmental non-governmental organizations can play a role in creating sustainable fields among people and can be good promoters for building environmental issues at the community level.

Edward Said's analysis of "Orientalism" critically examines how the East is portrayed in Western art and how this portrayal reinforces the colonial mindset. It goes beyond just distorting the ideology to establish a new political order. Instead, it creates a separate reality of the Orient, distant from the West and objectifies it as a source of Western knowledge. The world exhibition serves as an arena to showcase various Western and Eastern cultures. It juxtaposes logical and imaginary, chronological order, and mythical disorder. The exhibition has been used to shape transcultural and advance Orientalist discourse strategies and expectations of imperialism. The representation and construction of “self” and “others” found an ontological and epistemological relationship with Orientalist alienation. Also, due to the newly acquired strategic position during the first Pahlavi era and the ancient history of the country's science and art, Iran's presence there earned special position in the eyes of Orientalists and the Western knowledge domain. Therefore, it was necessary to depict it by classifying the structure of knowledge and related historiography. In fact, the concepts and political rules of the historical interpretation of Orientalism were derived from Iran's participation in international exhibitions. The goal was to identify a connection between Orientalist ideas and the pavilions' physical, content, and functional aspects. The study found that Iran's pavilions, in particular, reflected Orientalist expectations. They were designed like museums showcasing Iranian art and arranged exotically to appeal to Western audience.